COMMONLY USED TERMS & CALCULATION METHODS
Hob Shift
The most vulnerable wear portion on the hob is the cutting edge due to the initial cut starting from the edge of the hob addendum.
By shifting the hob in an axial direction, the wear amount can be distributed, and the tool can be used more efficiently
Cycle Time
Increasing RPM for higher productivity.
HOB DAMAGE ANALYSIS
HOBBING METHOD COMPARISON
| Climb Cutting | Conventional Cutting | |
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 |
|
|
thicker chip |
Formulation of chip(less than 25˚) |
thinner chip |
|
same |
Basic shape of chip | same |
| small | friction force of cutting |
big |
|
small |
The wear by sliding | big |
|
big |
The wear by cutting force |
small |
|
bad |
Hob profile roughness | good |
|
less than 25 is good |
Workpiece Helix angle |
more than 25 is good |
| left part | The most worn part of a Hob |
right part |
|
possible to increase |
Cutting speed | impossible to increase |
| possible | Cutting a huge gear |
impossible |
| strong | The clamping condition of a work piece |
weak |
SHAVING METHODS & CHARACTERISTICS
Shaving Methods – Every shaving method differs according to the direction of the movement given to the cutter. The choice of method depends on the work piece shape, machine characteristics and volume of production.
Cross Axis Angle – The difference in the helix angle of the gear and the cutter is calculated along the PCD. Cross axis angle is an essential condition for shaving process.
| Conventional Shaving | Diagonal Shaving | Underpass Shaving | Plunge Shaving | ||
| Pictorial View & movement of Shaving method |  |
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| Gear and the cutter, are moved parallel to the work piece axes. | The relative motion between cutter and gear takes place with an angle included in the range 5° to 45° w.r.t the gear axis. | Cutter feed in movement towards the gear is perpendicular to gear axis. | Cutter feed in movement towards the gear is radial to gear axis. | ||
| Where to be used | Suitable for low and medium production operations. | Suitable for medium & high production operations. | Suitable for high production operations. | Suitable for high production operations. | |
| Suitable for open gears | Suitable for open gears. | Suitable for shoulder type gears with cross axis angle limitation. | Used for open and shoulder type gears. | ||
| Large width gears can be shaved. | Gear Face width is limited to 100mm as component face width should be necessarily more than cutter face width. | Max. Gear face width is limited to 55mm as cutter face width is more than component face width. | Max. Gear face width is limited to 55mm as cutter face width is more than component face width. | ||
| Shaving time | Stroke length is long | Stroke length is relatively short. | Shaving stroke is extremely short. | No longitudinal movement of cutter. | |
| Very long Shaving time | Shaving time is relatively short | Shaving time is very short. | Shaving time is least. | ||
| Cutter Utilization | The cutter works only with a limited contact area at the center of teeth. | Better use of the cutter that can exploit all its length. | Cutter works progressively and partially along the whole face width. | Cutter works progressively and partially along the whole face width. | |
| Guidelines for better results | Length of traverse should be 1/16” greater than face width of the component. | Sum of Traverse Angle & Cross Axis Angle should not be more than 55°. | It can be used with shoulder gears with minimum cross axis angle of 3°. | Radial in-feed should be carefully selected. | |
| γ = Cross of Axes Angle, ε = Diagonal Angle, L1 = Shaving Cutter Tooth Length, L2 = Gear Tooth Length, L = Stroke Length | |||||